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A global system under strain

After enduring a prolonged and unprecedented series of shocks, the global economy appeared to have stabilized, with steady yet underwhelming growth rates. However, the landscape has changed as governments around the world reorder policy priorities and uncertainties have climbed to new highs.”

For decades, global supply chains have driven efficiency and resilience in global trade, benefiting consumers by providing a variety of products at affordable prices. Companies leveraged logistics, capital mobility, and trade liberalization to reduce costs and build economies of scale. However, recent crises like COVID-19, geopolitical conflicts, and trade weaponization have revealed vulnerabilities and dependencies in key sectors.

How supply chains are being redrawn

Policymakers now focus on safeguarding critical supply chains, reducing high-risk dependencies, and boosting resilience against external shocks. This shift aims to ensure long-term economic stability and competitiveness in an uncertain global environment.

Investors must develop a deep understanding of industry-specific supply chains to be able to pick the winners and avoid the losers in the next decade. It is not just about the country of origin. In a world where everything can be weaponized, the traditional measures of valuation and risk no longer apply.

The physical architecture of supply chains must change, not just to lock in future supplies of raw materials, but also to safeguard the physical and digital integrity of every step of the supply chain, in the name of national security. Foreign direct investment (FDI) will likely suffer, weakening global capital expenditure.

Investment implications

All these considerations are driving debates in boardrooms and investment companies around the world, with the recognition that prevailing country risk premiums will have to change, along with the mechanisms to determine them, because they do not adequately reflect the outlook.

Explore the chapters

Franklin Templeton Institute has published a white paper consisting of five chapters, each based on fundamental research, and focused on identifying sources of risk and opportunity in global supply chains:

  1. Artificial Intelligence: AI’s future depends on a supply chain vulnerable to disruption—a risk investors can’t afford to ignore.
  2. Critical Minerals: China’s grip on critical minerals exposes deep vulnerabilities in global supply chains—and investors can no longer assume business as usual.
  3. Industry: Industrial supply chains are shifting from global to regional—reshaping margins, investment priorities and the outlook for key sectors.
  4. Shipping: Shipping is the backbone of global trade—and its weaponization is reshaping supply chains, costs and strategic alliances.
  5. Finance: New financial infrastructure is emerging—and investors must assess how it could challenge the dollar’s dominance and impact global bond markets.


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